Key Legislation

This page provides information about important laws and legal documents in Somalia’s legal framework.

Constitutional Framework

Provisional Constitution (2012)

The Provisional Federal Constitution establishes the fundamental structure of the Somali state, including the federal system, fundamental rights, and governmental institutions. It remains in force pending adoption of a permanent constitution.

Criminal Law

Penal Code

Defines criminal offenses and penalties. Based on earlier legislation with ongoing reform efforts.

Criminal Procedure Code

Governs the procedures for criminal investigations, prosecutions, and trials.

Civil and Commercial Law

Civil Code

Addresses civil matters including contracts, property, and obligations.

Commercial Code

Governs business entities, commercial transactions, and trade.

Personal Status Law

Family Law

Based on Sharia principles, governing marriage, divorce, custody, and inheritance.

Regulatory Framework

Labor Law
Land Law
Environmental Regulations
Investment Laws
Media and Communications Laws

International Treaties

Somalia is party to various international agreements including:

UN Charter and core human rights treaties
African Union instruments
Regional agreements within IGAD

Accessing Legal Texts

SICLE is working to compile and digitize key legal texts. For specific legal documents, contact resources@sicleinstitute.org.